How to Fly With a Dog: Airline Regulations, Preparation, Booking Your Flight, Packing For Your Dog

By Elaine Waldorf Gewirtz

Are you relocating, visiting family, or going on vacation and planning to take your dog along? Before you book that flight, it’s important to understand the rules and regulations for flying with your four-legged companion to ensure a smooth and safe journey.

To Fly or Not to Fly With Your Dog

Pet travel can be challenging. Flights are often delayed or canceled, which can be problematic for dogs confined to a carrier. Before bringing your dog on a plane, carefully consider whether flying is the best option.

Airline travel is stressful for both people and pets. The hustle and bustle of the airport, along with the unfamiliar sights, sounds, and smells, can be overwhelming for even the most easy-going dog. This is particularly true for overweight or senior canines who may have health issues. Always consult with your veterinarian before planning a trip, especially if your dog has any underlying medical conditions.

If you have a short-muzzled or brachycephalic breed (like Pugs, French Bulldogs, Bulldogs, or Pekingese), be sure to check with your vet. These breeds are prone to respiratory issues when flying, and many airlines will not accept them, especially in the cargo section. However, as long as your dog meets the size requirements, there are typically no breed restrictions for dogs flying in the cabin.

Understanding Dog Airline Regulations

Taking your dog on a plane involves more than just booking a ticket. Airlines have strict policies regarding pet travel, and these rules can change frequently, so always check airline-specific guidelines ahead of time.

Most airlines require a pet reservation, as they only allow a limited number of pets per flight. There will usually be an additional fee for your dog (including emotional support animals), though psychiatric service dogs and trained service dogs typically fly free. Note that emotional support animals (ESAs) no longer receive special access on airplanes.

Additionally, many airlines require puppies to be at least 8 weeks old, with some requiring 10 or 12 weeks. A current health certificate from your veterinarian is also required for all dogs before flying.

If you’re headed to Hawaii, be sure to contact the Hawaii Department of Agriculture for information on the state’s quarantine and vaccination requirements for pets.

Doggie Baggage

All dogs flying in the cabin must travel in an airline-approved pet carrier. The carrier must be large enough for your dog to lie down, turn around, and stand without hitting their head on the roof of the carrier.

• The carrier must have ventilation on at least two sides and contain absorbent material inside the bottom.
• Dogs flying in the cabin typically weigh up to 20 pounds and must remain inside the carrier, which should fit beneath the passenger seat in front of you. Confirm the exact carrier size requirements with the airline when booking your reservation.

For dogs flying in the cargo hold, the carrier must display "Live Animal" stickers with your name, address, and phone number. Some airlines also require a small package of dog food and a water container attached to the carrier.

Be sure your dog’s collar has a tag with up-to-date identification information.

If your dog tends to get stressed in new situations, consider using calming chews or CBD oil to help ease their stress. Most veterinarians do not recommend tranquilizers before flights, as sedatives can cause respiratory or cardiovascular issues at high altitudes.

To help your dog become accustomed to the carrier, allow them to spend some time inside it before the trip. Add a favorite toy, blanket, or treats to make the carrier a more comfortable space.

Booking Your Flight

Some airlines are more pet-friendly than others. Before booking, research which airlines offer the best services for pet travel.

What’s the difference between cargo and excess baggage?  Dogs traveling in cargo are checked in at the airline’s cargo facility and fly separately on a dedicated ticket, with extra care and attention. In contrast, dogs traveling as excess baggage are checked in at the main terminal and transported in the cargo hold. These dogs may not receive the same level of attention as those in cargo.

The cargo hold is pressurized and temperature-controlled, and dogs are usually loaded last and unloaded first, minimizing exposure to extreme temperatures.

To ensure a smooth journey, always opt for a direct flight. This eliminates the possibility of your dog being left on the tarmac between connecting flights.

When flying in hot climates, book early morning or late evening flights to ensure your dog avoids extreme heat. During the winter, midday flights are typically the best option.

On the day of your flight, feed your dog a light meal 4 hours before departure and ensure they have a bathroom break. Water is allowed until departure, but be mindful that there are no opportunities for potty breaks during the flight.

Packing For Your Dog

For your dog’s safety and comfort, pack the following essentials in your carry-on bag. You may need these items immediately upon arrival or in the event your luggage is lost:

• Dog collar and leash
• One or two toys
• Disposable bags for picking up any messes 
• A color photo of your dog in case you get separated
• Dog food
• Medications and supplements

Pack enough dog food  for at least the duration of your trip. Delays can happen, and you may not be able to purchase more food during the journey. If your dog requires a special diet, be sure to pack enough food in your checked luggage.

Other must-have items for your dog’s comfort during your trip include:

• A pet bed or blanket for familiarity
• A Postbiotic to prevent upset stomachs caused by stress or dietary changes
• Travel-size shampoos for quick grooming, especially if you’re planning outdoor activities
• Hydrating balm to moisturize their nose, paws, and skin, particularly for hikes or sunny days

Following these guidelines will help you prepare for a stress-free travel experience with your dog. With the right planning, care, and attention to detail, you and your furry friend will enjoy a smooth journey to your destination, whether you’re relocating, visiting family, or heading out on an adventure together. Safe travels!